Assignment: April 17, 2009

AP PSYCHOLOGY:

1. READ THE BIOLOGICAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL SECTION OF THE BARON’S STUDY GUIDE. WORK THROUGH THE PRACTICE QUESTIONS OF EACH SECTION.


2. GO TO THE BLOG AND VISIT PSYCHSIM. COMPLETE THE REMAINING ACTIVITIES FOR REVIEW

3. REMEMBER THE AP WORKSHOP IS TOMORROW. REPORT AT 9AM FOR THE 1ST SESSION. PSYCHOLOGY STARTS AT 11AM. BE EARLY!!!!!


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1. The technique in which a person is asked to report everything that comes to his or her mind is called _________ _________; this technique is favored by _________ therapists.

a. active listening; cognitive
b. spontaneous remission; humanistic
c. free association; psychoanalytic
d. systematic desensitization; behavior

2. Of the following categories of psychotherapy, which is known for its nondirective nature?

a. psychoanalysis c. behavior therapy
b. humanistic therapy d. cognitive therapy

3. Which of the following is not a common criticism of psychoanalysis?

a. It emphasizes awareness of past feelings
b. It provides interpretations that are hard to disprove
c. It is generally a very expensive process
d. It gives therapists too much control over patients

4. Which of the following types of therapy does not belong with the others?

a. cognitive therapy c. self-help group
b. family therapy d. support group

5. Which of the following is not necessarily an advantage of group therapies over individual
therapies?

a. They tend to take less time for the therapist
b. They tend to cost less money for the client
c. They are more effective
d. They allow the client to test new behaviors in a social context

6. An eclectic psychotherapist is one who:

a. takes a nondirective approach in helping clients solve their problems
b. views psychological disorders as usually stemming from one cause, such as a biological
abnormality
c. uses one particular technique, such as psychoanalysis or counterconditioning, in treating
disorders
d. uses a variety of techniques, depending on the client and the problem

7. The technique in which a therapist echoes and restates what a person says in a nondirective
manner is called:

a. active listening c. systematic desensitization
b. free association d. interpretation
8. Unlike traditional psychoanalytic therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy:

a. helps people gain insight into the roots of their problems.
b. offers interpretations of patients’ feelings
c. focuses on current relationships
d. does all of the above

9. The technique of systematic desensitization is based on the premise that maladaptive symptoms
are:

a. a reflection of irrational thinking
b. conditioned responses
c. expressions of unfulfilled wishes
d. all of the above

10. The operant conditioning technique in which desired behaviors are rewarded with points or
poker chips that can later be exchanged for various rewards is called:

a. counterconditioning c. a token economy
b. systematic desensitization d. exposure therapy

11. One variety of therapy is based on the finding that depressed people often
attribute their failures to .

a. humanistic; themselves c. cognitive; external circumstances
b. behavior; external circumstances d. cognitive; themselves

12. Carl Rogers was a therapist who was the creator of .

a. behavior; systematic desensitization
b. psychoanalytic; insight therapy
c. humanistic; client-centered therapy
d. cognitive; cognitive therapy for depression

13. Using techniques of classical conditioning to develop an association between unwanted
behavior and an unpleasant experience is known as:

a. aversive conditioning
b. systematic desensitization
c. transference
d. a token economy

14. Which type of psychotherapy emphasizes the individual’s inherent potential for self-
fullfillment?

a. behavior therapy c. humanistic therapy
b. psychoanalysis d. cognitive therapy



15. Which type of psychotherapy focuses on changing unwanted behaviors rather than on
discovering their underlying causes?

a. behavior therapy c. humanistic therapy
b. cognitive therapy d. psychoanalysis

16. The techniques of counterconditioning are based on principles of:

a. observational learning c. operant conditioning
b. classical conditioning d. behavior modification

17. In which of the following does the client learn to associate a relaxed state with a hierarchy of
anxiety-arousing situations?

a. cognitive therapy c. counterconditioning
b. aversive conditioning d. systematic desensitization

18. Principles of operant conditioning underlie which of the following techniques?

a. counterconditioning d. aversive conditioning
b. systematic desensitization e. the token economy
c. flooding

19. Which of the following is not a common criticism of behavior therapy?

a. Clients may not develop intrinsic motivation for their new behaviors
b. Behavior control is unethical
c. Although one symptom may be eliminated, another may replace it unless the
underlying problem is treated
d. All of the above are criticism of behavior therapy

20. Which type of therapy focuses on eliminating irrational thinking?

a. family therapy c. cognitive therapy
b. client-centered therapy d. behavior therapy

21. Which form of therapy is most likely to be successful in treating depression?

a. behavior therapy c. cognitive therapy
b. psychoanalysis d. humanistic therapy

22. Family therapy differs from other forms of psychotherapy because it focuses on:

a. using a variety of treatment techniques
b. conscious rather than unconscious processes
c. the present instead of the past
d. how family tensions may cause individual problems



23. One reason that aversive conditioning may only be temporarily effective is that:

a. for ethical reasons, therapists cannot use sufficiently intense unconditioned stimuli to
sustain classical conditioning
b. patients are often unable to become sufficiently relaxed for conditioning to take place
c. patients know that outside the therapist’s office they can engage in the undesirable
behavior without fear of aversive consequences.
d. most conditioned responses are elicited by many nonspecific stimuli and it is impossible
to countercondition them all

24. Cognitive-behavior therapy aims to:

a. alter the way people act
b. make people more aware of their irrational negative thinking
c. alter the way people think and act
d. countercondition anxiety-provoking stimuli

25. During a session with his psychoanalyst, Jamal hesitates while describing a highly embarrassing thought. In the psychoanalytic framework, this is an example of:

a. transference c. mental repression
b. insight d. resistance

26. During psychoanalysis, Jane has developed strong feelings of hatred for her therapist. The
analyst interprets Jane’s behavior in terms of a of her feelings toward her father.

a. projection c. regression
b. resistance d. transference

27. Given that Jim’s therapist attempts to help him by offering genuineness, acceptance, and
empathy, she is probably practicing:

a. psychoanalysis c. cognitive therapy
b. behavior therapy d. client-centered therapy

28. To help Sam quit smoking, his therapist blew a ballast of smoke into Sam’s face each time Sam
inhaled. Which technique is the therapist using?

a. exposure therapy c. systematic desensitization
b. behavior modification d. aversive conditioning

29. After Darnel dropped a pass in an important football game, he became depressed and vowed to
quit the team because of his athletic incompetence. The campus psychologist challenged his
illogical reasoning and pointed out that Darnel’s “incompetence” had earned him an athletic
scholarship. The psychologist’s response was most typical of a therapist.

a. behavior c. client-centered
b. psychoanalytic d. cognitive


30. Leota is startled when her therapist says that she needs to focus on eliminating her problem
behavior rather than gaining insight into its underlying cause. Most likely, Leota has consulted
a therapist.

a. behavior c. cognitive
b. humanistic d. psychoanalytic

31. In order to help him overcome his fear of flying, Duane’s therapist has him construct a
hierarchy of anxiety-triggering stimuli and then learn to associate each with a state of deep
relaxation. Duane’s therapist is using the technique called:

a. systematic desensitization c. shaping
b. aversive conditioning d. free association

32. A patient in a hospital receives poker chips for making her bed, being punctual at meal times,
and maintaining her physical appearance. The poker chips can be exchanged for privileges,
such as television viewing, snacks, and magazines. This is an example of the
therapy technique called .

a. psychodynamic; systematic desensitization
b. behavior; token economy
c. cognitive; token economy
d. humanistic; systematic desensitization

33. Ben is a cognitive-behavior therapist. Compared to Rachel, who is a behavior therapist, Ben is
more likely to:

a. base his therapy on principles of operant conditioning
b. base his therapy on principles of classical conditioning
c. address clients’ attitudes as well as behaviors
d. focus on clients’ unconscious urges

34. Which type(s) of psychotherapy would be most likely to use the interpretation of dreams as a
technique for bringing unconscious feelings into awareness?

a. psychoanalysis d. all of the above
b. psychodynamic therapy e. both a and b
c. cognitive therapy

35. Of the following therapists, who would be most likely to interpret a person’s psychological
problems in terms of repressed impulses?

a. a behavior therapist c. a humanistic therapist
b. a cognitive therapist d. a psychoanalyst